THE CHEMICAL BASIS OF LIFE:
MATTER AND ENERGY

1. To Understanding Life
A. Questions that are often asked

II. What is Matter?
A. Definition of Matter
1. Atoms vs. Molecules
2. Solids, Liquids, and Gases
B. Energy
1. Types of (Kinetic vs. Potential)
2. Laws of Thermodynamics
C. Elements
1 . Atoms (nucleus, protons, electrons, neutrons)
2. Atomic number vs. Atomic masstweight
3. Isotopes vs. Ions
D. Chemical compounds
E. Mixtures

Ill. Suspensions
A. Colloidal suspensions (tyndall effect)
B. Emulsions

IV. Motion of Molecules
A. Brownian Movement
B. Passive Transport
1. Diffusion vs. Osmosis
2. Semi permeable vs. permeable vs. impermeable
3. Factors that influence diffusion
4. Osmotic pressure
5. lsotonic vs. Hypertonic vs. Hypotonic
C. Facilitated Diffusion (Carrier Proteins)
D. Active Transport and Carrier Proteins
E. Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis

V. Hydrogen Ion concentration
A. Acids vs. Bases
B. Salts
C. pH scale